Camille Gajewski a Brief History of Women in Art
If y'all've always taken an fine art history class or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are you know a lot virtually the men who "divers" their mediums. As with other subjects, about of what we learn virtually art history today nevertheless centers on white men from Europe and, later, the The states. In reality, in that location are and so many more artists of all genders to larn from and appreciate.
Here, we're specifically taking a look at just some of the women who have had lasting impacts on their fine art forms. From some of the art world's most iconic pioneers to its nigh unsung heroes, these women artists all had a hand — and, in some cases, however have a hand — in changing the world of fine art and how we define it.
Laura Wheeler Waring
Laura Wheeler Waring was an artist and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more than 30 years. After studying the work of painters like Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the United States, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.
Cindy Sherman
Photographer Cindy Sherman was part of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is peradventure about well known for her serial of Untitled Film Stills (1977–fourscore) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female film characters, amid them, ingénue, working girl, vamp, and lonely housewife" (via MoMA). In this serial, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media's influence over our individual and collective identities.
Yoko Ono
You might beginning think of Yoko Ono every bit a musician and activist, but she's also an accomplished functioning and conceptual artist. Ono was considered a pioneer in the performance art movement, earning the nickname the "High Priestess of the Happening".
I of her most revered works, Cutting Piece, was a performance she commencement staged in Nippon; Ono sat on stage in a nice suit and placed scissors in forepart of her, and, in an deed of daring vulnerability, invited audience members to come on stage and cut away pieces of her clothing. "Fine art is like animate for me," Ono has said. "If I don't exercise it, I kickoff to choke."
Betye Saar
Earlier condign a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied design and was employed as a social worker. A printmaking elective changed her entire career trajectory — and, in turn, part of the trajectory of art history.
Saar was part of the Black Arts Motility in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Black Americans. "To me the play tricks is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If you can get the viewer to look at a piece of work of fine art, then you might be able to give them some sort of bulletin."
Frida Kahlo
Information technology'due south rare to observe someone who hasn't at to the lowest degree heard of Frida Kahlo. A cocky-taught painter from Mexico, she is best known for exploring themes like death and identity through her self-portraits. Kahlo oft used assuming, bright colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded equally ane of the most influential artists of the Surrealist movement.
Yayoi Kusama
Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very young age, merely she's too known for her hyper-real sculptures, polka dots, installations, and and so much more than. Similar many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her work. Today, she continues to create works for her indelible Mirror/Infinity rooms series, which use mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.
Amy Sherald
Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Black Americans, frequently doing everyday activities — something that became more common in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that y'all recognize Sherald's work — and her signature grayscale skin tones — every bit she was the offset Blackness adult female to complete a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Known as the female parent of American modernism, you lot probable associate Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New United mexican states'southward landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, just perchance, the skyscrapers of New York City. In the 1920s, she was the first woman painter to gain the respect of the New York art globe, all by painting in her unique manner.
Adrian Piper
Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual creative person in 1970s New York City. She used her work to question society, identity, and racial politics by demanding the audience to face up truths well-nigh themselves. She often challenged people on the streets of New York to gauge her race, socio-economical class, and gender — all while dressed equally a Black man with a faux mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her clothes.
Shirin Neshat
Shirin Neshat left Iran in 1974 to study art in Los Angeles, California — earlier the Islamic republic of iran Islamic Revolution took place. She is best known for her photography, film, and video piece of work, much of which explores the human relationship between Islam'south cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat's works often create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.
Jenny Holzer
Equally a neo-conceptual creative person, Jenny Holzer's piece of work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on advertising billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.
These works display phrases that act as meditations on various concepts, such as trauma, knowledge, and hope. One of her more notable works, I Smell You On My Skin, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.
Rebecca Belmore
Much of Rebecca Belmore's art addresses identity and history — and, in particular, houselessness and the voicelessness of the First Nations People in Canada. Equally an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to raise awareness around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Ethnic Northward American civilisation. In 2005, she was the offset Indigenous woman to represent Canada at the Venice Biennale.
Louise Conservative
While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Bourgeois is better known for her installation art and sculptures — like the spider above — which were inspired by her own experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a time when abstraction and conceptual art were the main styles shaping the fine art world.
Mickalene Thomas
Heavily influenced by pop culture and pop art, Mickalene Thomas often embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody ability and femininity.
Judy Chicago
Judy Chicago was one of the major figures within the early Feminist Art motion. As exemplified in her iconic piece of work The Dinner Party, her installation pieces often examine the role of women in history and civilization — in the 1970s and before. While at California State University in Fresno, Chicago founded the first feminist art program in the United States.
Augusta Savage
Augusta Roughshod was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Black Americans in the arts. In add-on to creating breathtaking sculptures, frequently of Black folks, Savage founded the Fell Studio of Arts and Crafts in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years later, she became the kickoff Black American elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.
Carolee Schneemann
Known for her provocative performance fine art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body art". (Just look upwardly her most famous work, Interior Scroll, and you lot'll see what nosotros hateful.) She used her body to examine women'south sensuality and liberation from the oppressive aesthetic and social conventions established by our patriarchal society.
Nan Goldin
Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin's work challenges traditional power relations. In addition to documenting New York Urban center'southward queer subculture post-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crunch, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.
Elaine Sturtevant
Does this look similar an Andy Warhol to you? Well, that's the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went by her last name professionally, was a conceptual artist known for her inexact replicas — that is, not-quite-right copies of big-proper name artists' work.
Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Nonetheless, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the structure of fine art civilisation.
Ruth Asawa
During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly complex wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based artist, Asawa'due south terminal public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during Globe War II.
Catherine Opie
Known for her studio, portrait, and landscape photography, Catherine Opie has been a lensman since the age of nine. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing so, displays various subcultures in formal portraits — but in a way that conveys power and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.
micha cárdenas
micha cárdenas is an artist, writer, theorist, and assistant professor who won an Touch Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Artistic Laurels from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes education is the path to liberation and uses VR and art to address global problems such as racism, gendered violence, and climate change.
Lee Krasner
Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who also specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and aggregation to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
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